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Green Sunfish


Lepomis cyanellus

Species Overview


Physical Characteristics

Robust, deep-bodied sunfish with thick, stout build. Body more elongated than bluegill with less extreme compression.

Distinctive Features:

  • Very large mouth – upper jaw extends past middle of eye (much larger than bluegill)
  • Blue-green streaks radiating from mouth across cheeks and gill covers
  • Black ear flap with pale margin (shorter than bluegill’s)
  • Yellow/orange margins on dorsal, anal, and caudal fins
  • Blue/emerald spots on sides (when visible)
  • Relatively short, rounded pectoral fins

Fishing Information

Size Range

3-6 inches

Best Lakes

Peak Season

Spring, Summer, Fall

Best Baits

Micro jigs Small spinners Tiny crankbaits Soft plastics Fly patterns

Fishing Guide

  • Best Fishing Times:
    Dawn, Morning, Midday, Afternoon
  • Peak Fishing Seasons:
    Spring, Summer, Fall
  • Recommended Lures:
    Micro jigs Small spinners Tiny crankbaits Soft plastics Fly patterns
  • Abundance in Chain:
    Rare
  • Fighting Quality:
    Good Fighter

Habitat & Behavior

Vegetated areas, cover, and structure in shallow to moderate depths

  • Shallow water (2-8 feet most common)
  • Heavy cover including weeds, logs, brush
  • Protected bays and backwaters
  • Areas with structure (docks, fallen trees)
  • Tolerant of poor water quality and low oxygen

Spawning Season & Behavior

Conservation Status

Status: Secure and stable; no conservation concerns

Population Health: Abundant and widespread; naturally self-sustaining

Management: No active management needed; naturally reproducing

Threats: None significant; highly adaptable species

Fishing Techniques

Live Bait Fishing

Small Lures

Fly Fishing

Current Regulations

  • Daily Limit:

    25 per day
  • Minimum Length:

    No Limit
  • Special Rules:

    • No special regulations specific to green sunfish
    • Follow general sunfish regulations
    • Fox Chain O’Lakes follows statewide Illinois regulations
    • Check for any temporary area-specific restrictions